History of Hungary

The first Hungarian tribes settled in the Pannonian plain at the end of I century. In 1001 the first Hungarian King - St. Istvan was crowned and Hungary was proclaimed a kingdom. At that time, the Hungarian Kingdom was in close relations with Byzantium that just benefited it. At the same time it was constantly going internecine disputes within the ruling power of the Arpad dynasty.

When Arpad dynasty lost its influence, the Hungarian throne was at the Premyslid dynasty from the kingdom of Bohemia, but soon moved to the Bavarian Wittelsbach and representatives of Luxembourg and the Sicilian houses. At the beginning of the XV century king of Hungary became an Austrian duke Albert II, and after him - the Polish King Vladislav III.

Hungary has an advantageous geographical position, so many centuries the ruling dynasty and the kings were replaced one by one, each was under the protection of some empire or state, and in 1530 regent of Hungary became Alvise Luigi, who was a close friend of Suleiman.

Primary and fateful period of establishment of the Kingdom of Hungary was the end of the XV century, when power passed to the Habsburgs. As a Hungarian king was elected Ferdinand I who created their own government that included all of the most significant Hungarian families and clans, as well as the Hungarian archbishop. Under the rule of the Habsburgs Hungary gained autonomous status within Austria.

The relationship between religion and politics played a big role in shaping Hungary. So in the early 1700s Calvinism was distributed in Hungary, which with its influence ousted the Catholic Church and has launched a religious reform. Protestant gave clear answers to the concerns of society, so it is widely used in Hungary.

In the period from 1550 to 1600 was 3 Austro-Turkish War, which contributed to the expansion of the Ottoman influence on Hungary. In 1590 the Austrians had a successful offensive, won the half of the Ottoman lands, but all efforts were offset by the Catholic fanatics, rebelled on reclaimed land, and in 1604 the Emperor Rudolf II restored the law against heretics, followed by the Calvinist uprising in Transylvania.

In 1687, Hungary formally entered into the possession of the Habsburgs. By 1848 the Hungarians formed his vision of the future of the country and began the national revolution, which launched a chain of events that ended with the formation the new state - Austro-Hungary in 1867. Absolute monarchy, which was in the Hungarian kingdom, was replaced by a constitutional dualistic monarchy.

The Last King of Hungary came to the throne in 1916. It was a famous Karl IV, who was expelled after just two years of ruling, against the backdrop of the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire after the First World War. In 2004, the Catholic Church canonized him to the ranks of the blessed.

The Second World War also played a role in the history of Hungary. In 1945 the State Assembly was collected, where it was decided to complete the reform of the state. So in 1946 Hungary was declared as a republic.

In 1989, there have been drastic changes in the government of the Republic of Hungary, the ruling party changed the ideology and Hungary set a course on social democracy. The one-party system was abolished, the constitution was rewritten. Hungary joined the European structures. Hungary joined the European Union in 2004, and was included into the Schengen area in 2007.

By 2012, Hungary has strengthened diplomatic relations with Russia, which has officially been fixed in 1934. The Constitution of Hungary, adopted in 2012, states: "The Hungarian people are united by God and Christianity."